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<title>GrapheneOS: the private and secure mobile OS</title>
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<li aria-current="page"><a href="/"><img src="/mask-icon.svg" alt=""/>GrapheneOS</a></li>
<li><a href="/features">Features</a></li>
<li><a href="/install/">Install</a></li>
<li><a href="/build">Build</a></li>
<li><a href="/usage">Usage</a></li>
<li><a href="/faq">FAQ</a></li>
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<main id="grapheneos">
<h1><a href="#grapheneos">GrapheneOS</a></h1>
<p>GrapheneOS is a privacy and security focused mobile OS with Android app
compatibility developed as a non-profit <a href="/source">open source</a> project.
It's focused on the research and development of privacy and security technology
including substantial improvements to sandboxing, exploit mitigations and the
permission model.</p>
<p>GrapheneOS improves the privacy and security of the OS from the bottom up. It
deploys technologies to mitigate whole classes of vulnerabilities and make exploiting
the most common sources of vulnerabilities substantially more difficult. It improves
the security of both the OS and the apps running on it. The app sandbox and other
security boundaries are fortified. GrapheneOS tries to avoid impacting the user
experience with the privacy and security features. Ideally, the features can be
designed so that they're always enabled with no impact on the user experience and no
additional complexity like configuration options. It's not always feasible, and
GrapheneOS does add various toggles for features like the Network permission, Sensors
permission, restrictions when the device is locked (USB peripherals, camera, quick
tiles), etc. along with more complex user-facing privacy and security features with
their own UX.</p>
<p>The <a href="/features">features page</a> provides an overview of the substantial
privacy and security improvements added by GrapheneOS to the Android Open Source
Project.</p>
<p>Official releases are available on the <a href="/releases">releases page</a> and
installation instructions are on the <a href="/install/">install page</a>.</p>
<p>GrapheneOS also develops various apps and services with a focus on privacy and
security. Vanadium is a hardened variant of the Chromium browser and WebView
specifically built for GrapheneOS. GrapheneOS also includes our minimal
security-focused PDF Viewer, our hardware-based Auditor app / attestation service
providing local and remote verification of devices, and the externally developed
Seedvault encrypted backup which was initially developed for inclusion in
GrapheneOS.</p>
<section id="never-google-services">
<h2><a href="#never-google-services">No Google apps or services</a></h2>
<p>GrapheneOS will never include either Google Play services or another
implementation of Google services like microG. It's possible to install Play
services as a set of fully sandboxed apps without special privileges via our
<a href="/usage#sandboxed-play-services">sandboxed Play services compatibility
layer</a>. See <a href="/faq#google-services">the FAQ section</a> for more details
on our plans for filling in the gaps from not shipping Play services and Google
apps.</p>
</section>
<section id="history">
<h2><a href="#history">History</a></h2>
<p>GrapheneOS was founded as an open source project in late 2014. It was formerly
known as CopperheadOS. For more details, see the <a href="/history/">history
page</a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="upstream">
<h2><a href="#upstream">Upstream contributions</a></h2>
<p>See <a href="/faq#upstream">the FAQ section on our upstream work</a> improving
privacy and security for billions of users by getting a subset of our changes into
core infrastructure projects.</p>
</section>
<section id="roadmap">
<h2><a href="#roadmap">Roadmap</a></h2>
<p>See <a href="/faq#roadmap">the FAQ section on the roadmap</a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="device-support">
<h2><a href="/faq#device-support">Device support</a></h2>
<p>See <a href="/faq#device-support">the FAQ section on device support</a>.</p>
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