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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
+ <head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8"/>
+ <title>Web install | GrapheneOS</title>
+ <meta name="description" content="Web-based installer for GrapheneOS, a security and privacy focused mobile OS with Android app compatibility."/>
+ <meta name="theme-color" content="#212121"/>
+ <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"/>
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/>
+ <meta name="twitter:site" content="@GrapheneOS"/>
+ <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@GrapheneOS"/>
+ <meta property="og:title" content="GrapheneOS web install"/>
+ <meta property="og:description" content="Web-based installer for GrapheneOS, a security and privacy focused mobile OS with Android app compatibility."/>
+ <meta property="og:type" content="website"/>
+ <meta property="og:image" content="https://grapheneos.org/opengraph.png"/>
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+ <meta property="og:image:alt" content="GrapheneOS logo"/>
+ <meta property="og:site_name" content="GrapheneOS"/>
+ <meta property="og:url" content="https://grapheneos.org/install/web"/>
+ <link rel="canonical" href="https://grapheneos.org/install/web"/>
+ <link rel="icon" sizes="16x16 24x24 32x32 48x48 64x64" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" href="/favicon.ico"/>
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+ <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/>
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/grapheneos.css?29"/>
+ <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.webmanifest"/>
+ <link rel="license" href="/LICENSE.txt"/>
+ <script type="module" src="/js/fastboot/dist/fastboot.min.js?0"></script>
+ <script type="module" src="/js/web-install.js?4"></script>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <header>
+ <nav id="site-menu">
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="/">GrapheneOS</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/features">Features</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/install/">Install</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/build">Build</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/usage">Usage</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/faq">FAQ</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/releases">Releases</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/source">Source</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/articles/">Articles</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/donate">Donate</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/contact">Contact</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </nav>
+ </header>
+ <main id="web-install">
+ <h1><a href="#web-install">Web install</a></h1>
+
+ <p><strong>This is an experimental WebUSB-based installer for GrapheneOS. Consider
+ using the <a href="/install/cli">command-line installation guide</a> until this has
+ been more thoroughly tested and improved.</strong></p>
+
+ <section id="prerequisites">
+ <h2><a href="#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></h2>
+
+ <p>You should have at least 2GB of free memory available and 8GB of free storage
+ space.</p>
+
+ <p>You need a USB cable for attaching the device to a laptop or desktop. Whenever
+ possible, use the high quality standards compliant USB-C cable packaged with the
+ device. If your computer doesn't have any USB-C ports, you'll need a high quality
+ USB-C to USB-A cable. You should avoid using a USB hub such as the front panel on
+ a desktop computer case. Connect directly to a rear port on a desktop or the ports
+ on a laptop. Many widely distributed USB cables and hubs are broken and are the
+ most common source of issues for installing GrapheneOS.</p>
+
+ <p>Installing from an OS in a virtual machine is not recommended. USB passthrough
+ is often not reliable. To rule out these problems, install from an OS running on
+ bare metal. Virtual machines are also often configured to have overly limited
+ memory and storage space.</p>
+
+ <p>Windows 10, macOS Big Sur, Arch Linux, Debian buster and Ubuntu 20.04 LTS are the
+ officially supported operating systems for installing GrapheneOS. You should make sure
+ your operating system is up-to-date before proceeding with these instructions. Older
+ versions and other Linux distributions usually work, but if you encounter problems try
+ using one of the officially supported options.</p>
+
+ <p>For this web-based installation process, the latest stable release of Chromium
+ or Chrome is recommended.</p>
+
+ <p>You need one of the officially supported devices. To make sure that the device can
+ be unlocked to install GrapheneOS, avoid carrier variants of the devices. Carrier
+ variants of Pixels use the same stock OS and firmware with a non-zero carrier id
+ flashed onto the persist partition in the factory. The carrier id activates
+ carrier-specific configuration in the stock OS including disabling carrier and
+ bootloader unlocking. The carrier may be able to remotely disable this, but their
+ support staff may not be aware and they probably won't do it. Get a carrier agnostic
+ device to avoid the risk and potential hassle. If you CAN figure out a way to unlock a
+ carrier device, it isn't a problem as GrapheneOS can just ignore the carrier id
+ and the hardware is the same.</p>
+
+ <p>It's best practice to update the stock OS on the device to make sure it's running
+ the latest firmware before proceeding with these instructions. This avoids running
+ into bugs, missing features or other differences in older firmware versions. You can
+ either update the device via over-the-air updates or sideload a full update, which for
+ Pixel phones can be obtained from the
+ <a href="https://developers.google.com/android/ota">full update package page</a>.</p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="enabling-oem-unlocking">
+ <h2><a href="#enabling-oem-unlocking">Enabling OEM unlocking</a></h2>
+
+ <p>OEM unlocking needs to be enabled from within the operating system.</p>
+
+ <p>Enable the developer options menu by going to Settings ➔ About phone and
+ pressing on the build number menu entry until developer mode is enabled.</p>
+
+ <p>Next, go to Settings ➔ System ➔ Advanced ➔ Developer options and toggle on the
+ 'Enable OEM unlocking' setting. This requires internet access on devices with Google
+ Play services as part of Factory Reset Protection (FRP) for anti-theft protection.</p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="connecting-phone">
+ <h2><a href="#connecting-phone">Connecting the phone</a></h2>
+
+ <p>Connect the phone to the computer. On Linux, you'll need to do this again if
+ you didn't have the udev rules set up when you connected it.</p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="unlocking-the-bootloader">
+ <h2><a href="#unlocking-the-bootloader">Unlocking the bootloader</a></h2>
+
+ <p>First, boot into the bootloader interface. You can do this by turning off the
+ device and then turning it on by holding both the Volume Down and Power buttons.</p>
+
+ <p>Unlock the bootloader to allow flashing the OS and firmware:</p>
+
+ <button id="unlock-bootloader-button" disabled="disabled">Unlock bootloader</button>
+
+ <p>The command needs to be confirmed on the device and will wipe all data. Use one
+ of the volume keys to switch the selection to accepting it and the power button to
+ confirm.</p>
+
+ <p><strong id="unlock-bootloader-status"></strong></p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="obtaining-factory-images">
+ <h2><a href="#obtaining-factory-images">Obtaining factory images</a></h2>
+
+ <p>You need to obtain the GrapheneOS factory images for your device to proceed with
+ the installation process.</p>
+
+ <p>Press the button below to start the download:</p>
+
+ <button id="download-release-button" disabled="disabled">Download release</button>
+
+ <p><strong id="download-release-status"></strong></p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="flashing-factory-images">
+ <h2><a href="#flashing-factory-images">Flashing factory images</a></h2>
+
+ <p>The initial install will be performed by flashing the factory images. This will
+ replace the existing OS installation and wipe all the existing data.</p>
+
+ <button id="flash-release-button" disabled="disabled">Flash release</button>
+
+ <p>Wait for the flashing process to complete and proceed to
+ <a href="#locking-the-bootloader">locking the bootloader</a> before using the
+ device as locking wipes the data again.</p>
+
+ <p><strong id="flash-release-status"></strong></p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="locking-the-bootloader">
+ <h2><a href="#locking-the-bootloader">Locking the bootloader</a></h2>
+
+ <p>Locking the bootloader is important as it enables full verified boot. It also
+ prevents using fastboot to flash, format or erase partitions. Verified boot will
+ detect modifications to any of the OS partitions and it will prevent reading any
+ modified / corrupted data. If changes are detected, error correction data is used
+ to attempt to obtain the original data at which point it's verified again which
+ makes verified boot robust to non-malicious corruption.</p>
+
+ <p>In the bootloader interface, set it to locked:</p>
+
+ <button id="lock-bootloader-button" disabled="disabled">Lock bootloader</button>
+
+ <p>The command needs to be confirmed on the device and will wipe all data. Use one
+ of the volume buttons to switch the selection to accepting it and the power button
+ to confirm.</p>
+
+ <p><strong id="lock-bootloader-status"></strong></p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="post-installation">
+ <h2><a href="#post-installation">Post-installation</a></h2>
+
+ <section id="booting">
+ <h3><a href="#booting">Booting</a></h3>
+
+ <p>You've now successfully installed GrapheneOS and can boot it. Pressing the
+ power button with the default Start option selected in the bootloader menu
+ will boot the OS.</p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="disabling-oem-unlocking">
+ <h3><a href="#disabling-oem-unlocking">Disabling OEM unlocking</a></h3>
+
+ <p>OEM unlocking can be disabled again in the developer settings menu within the
+ operating system after booting it up again.</p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="verifying-installation">
+ <h3><a href="#verifying-installation">Verifying installation</a></h3>
+
+ <p>Verified boot authenticates and validates the firmware images and OS from the
+ hardware root of trust. Since GrapheneOS supports full verified boot, the OS images
+ are entirely verified. However, it's possible that the computer you used to flash the
+ OS was compromised, leading to flashing a malicious verified boot public key and
+ images. To detect this kind of attack, you can use the Auditor app included in
+ GrapheneOS in the Auditee mode and verify it with another Android device in the
+ Auditor mode. The Auditor app works best once it's already paired with a device and
+ has pinned a persistent hardware-backed key and the attestation certificate chain.
+ However, it can still provide a bit of security for the initial verification via the
+ attestation root. Ideally, you should also do this before connecting the device to the
+ network, so an attacker can't proxy to another device (which stops being possible
+ after the initial verification). Further protection against proxying the initial
+ pairing will be provided in the future via optional support for ID attestation to
+ include the serial number in the hardware verified information to allow checking
+ against the one on the box / displayed in the bootloader. See the
+ <a href="https://attestation.app/tutorial">Auditor tutorial</a> for a guide.</p>
+
+ <p>After the initial verification, which results in pairing, performing verification
+ against between the same Auditor and Auditee (as long as the app data hasn't been
+ cleared) will provide strong validation of the identity and integrity of the
+ device. That makes it best to get the pairing done right after installation. You can
+ also consider setting up the optional remote attestation service.</p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="further-information">
+ <h3><a href="#further-information">Further information</a></h3>
+
+ <p>Please look through the <a href="/usage">usage guide</a> and
+ <a href="/faq">FAQ</a> for more information. If you have further questions not
+ covered by the site, join the <a href="/contact#community">official GrapheneOS
+ chat channels</a> and ask the questions in the appropriate channel.</p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ </main>
+ <footer>
+ <a href="/"><img src="/logo.png" width="512" height="512" alt=""/>GrapheneOS</a>
+ <ul id="social">
+ <li><a href="https://twitter.com/GrapheneOS">Twitter</a></li>
+ <li><a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS">GitHub</a></li>
+ <li><a href="https://reddit.com/r/GrapheneOS">Reddit</a></li>
+ <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/grapheneos/">LinkedIn</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </footer>
+ </body>
+</html>