internal/app: remove seal interface

This further cleans up the package for the restructure.

Signed-off-by: Ophestra <cat@gensokyo.uk>

1 files changed, 590 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/internal/app/seal.go b/internal/app/seal.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d6a23f2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/app/seal.go
@@ -0,0 +1,590 @@
+package app
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/gob"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"hakurei.app/container"
+	"hakurei.app/hst"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/app/state"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/hlog"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/sys"
+	"hakurei.app/system"
+	"hakurei.app/system/acl"
+	"hakurei.app/system/dbus"
+	"hakurei.app/system/wayland"
+)
+
+const (
+	home  = "HOME"
+	shell = "SHELL"
+
+	xdgConfigHome   = "XDG_CONFIG_HOME"
+	xdgRuntimeDir   = "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR"
+	xdgSessionClass = "XDG_SESSION_CLASS"
+	xdgSessionType  = "XDG_SESSION_TYPE"
+
+	term    = "TERM"
+	display = "DISPLAY"
+
+	pulseServer = "PULSE_SERVER"
+	pulseCookie = "PULSE_COOKIE"
+
+	dbusSessionBusAddress = "DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS"
+	dbusSystemBusAddress  = "DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS"
+)
+
+var (
+	ErrIdent = errors.New("invalid identity")
+	ErrName  = errors.New("invalid username")
+
+	ErrXDisplay = errors.New(display + " unset")
+
+	ErrPulseCookie = errors.New("pulse cookie not present")
+	ErrPulseSocket = errors.New("pulse socket not present")
+	ErrPulseMode   = errors.New("unexpected pulse socket mode")
+)
+
+// An Outcome is the runnable state of a hakurei container via [hst.Config].
+type Outcome struct {
+	// copied from initialising [app]
+	id *stringPair[state.ID]
+	// copied from [sys.State]
+	runDirPath *container.Absolute
+
+	// initial [hst.Config] gob stream for state data;
+	// this is prepared ahead of time as config is clobbered during seal creation
+	ct io.WriterTo
+	// dump dbus proxy message buffer
+	dbusMsg func()
+
+	user hsuUser
+	sys  *system.I
+	ctx  context.Context
+
+	waitDelay time.Duration
+	container *container.Params
+	env       map[string]string
+	sync      *os.File
+
+	f atomic.Bool
+}
+
+// shareHost holds optional share directory state that must not be accessed directly
+type shareHost struct {
+	// whether XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is used post hsu
+	useRuntimeDir bool
+	// process-specific directory in tmpdir, empty if unused
+	sharePath *container.Absolute
+	// process-specific directory in XDG_RUNTIME_DIR, empty if unused
+	runtimeSharePath *container.Absolute
+
+	seal *Outcome
+	sc   hst.Paths
+}
+
+// ensureRuntimeDir must be called if direct access to paths within XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is required
+func (share *shareHost) ensureRuntimeDir() {
+	if share.useRuntimeDir {
+		return
+	}
+	share.useRuntimeDir = true
+	share.seal.sys.Ensure(share.sc.RunDirPath.String(), 0700)
+	share.seal.sys.UpdatePermType(system.User, share.sc.RunDirPath.String(), acl.Execute)
+	share.seal.sys.Ensure(share.sc.RuntimePath.String(), 0700) // ensure this dir in case XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is unset
+	share.seal.sys.UpdatePermType(system.User, share.sc.RuntimePath.String(), acl.Execute)
+}
+
+// instance returns a process-specific share path within tmpdir
+func (share *shareHost) instance() *container.Absolute {
+	if share.sharePath != nil {
+		return share.sharePath
+	}
+	share.sharePath = share.sc.SharePath.Append(share.seal.id.String())
+	share.seal.sys.Ephemeral(system.Process, share.sharePath.String(), 0711)
+	return share.sharePath
+}
+
+// runtime returns a process-specific share path within XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
+func (share *shareHost) runtime() *container.Absolute {
+	if share.runtimeSharePath != nil {
+		return share.runtimeSharePath
+	}
+	share.ensureRuntimeDir()
+	share.runtimeSharePath = share.sc.RunDirPath.Append(share.seal.id.String())
+	share.seal.sys.Ephemeral(system.Process, share.runtimeSharePath.String(), 0700)
+	share.seal.sys.UpdatePerm(share.runtimeSharePath.String(), acl.Execute)
+	return share.runtimeSharePath
+}
+
+// hsuUser stores post-hsu credentials and metadata
+type hsuUser struct {
+	identity *stringPair[int]
+	// target uid resolved by hid:aid
+	uid *stringPair[int]
+
+	// supplementary group ids
+	supp []string
+
+	// app user home directory
+	home *container.Absolute
+	// passwd database username
+	username string
+}
+
+func (seal *Outcome) finalise(ctx context.Context, sys sys.State, config *hst.Config) error {
+	if seal.ctx != nil {
+		panic("finalise called twice")
+	}
+	seal.ctx = ctx
+
+	if config == nil {
+		return hlog.WrapErr(syscall.EINVAL, syscall.EINVAL.Error())
+	}
+	if config.Home == nil {
+		return hlog.WrapErr(os.ErrInvalid, "invalid path to home directory")
+	}
+
+	{
+		// encode initial configuration for state tracking
+		ct := new(bytes.Buffer)
+		if err := gob.NewEncoder(ct).Encode(config); err != nil {
+			return hlog.WrapErrSuffix(err,
+				"cannot encode initial config:")
+		}
+		seal.ct = ct
+	}
+
+	// allowed identity range 0 to 9999, this is checked again in hsu
+	if config.Identity < 0 || config.Identity > 9999 {
+		return hlog.WrapErr(ErrIdent,
+			fmt.Sprintf("identity %d out of range", config.Identity))
+	}
+
+	seal.user = hsuUser{
+		identity: newInt(config.Identity),
+		home:     config.Home,
+		username: config.Username,
+	}
+	if seal.user.username == "" {
+		seal.user.username = "chronos"
+	} else if !isValidUsername(seal.user.username) {
+		return hlog.WrapErr(ErrName,
+			fmt.Sprintf("invalid user name %q", seal.user.username))
+	}
+	if u, err := sys.Uid(seal.user.identity.unwrap()); err != nil {
+		return err
+	} else {
+		seal.user.uid = newInt(u)
+	}
+	seal.user.supp = make([]string, len(config.Groups))
+	for i, name := range config.Groups {
+		if g, err := sys.LookupGroup(name); err != nil {
+			return hlog.WrapErr(err,
+				fmt.Sprintf("unknown group %q", name))
+		} else {
+			seal.user.supp[i] = g.Gid
+		}
+	}
+
+	// permissive defaults
+	if config.Container == nil {
+		hlog.Verbose("container configuration not supplied, PROCEED WITH CAUTION")
+
+		if config.Shell == nil {
+			config.Shell = container.AbsFHSRoot.Append("bin", "sh")
+			s, _ := sys.LookupEnv(shell)
+			if a, err := container.NewAbs(s); err == nil {
+				config.Shell = a
+			}
+		}
+
+		// hsu clears the environment so resolve paths early
+		if config.Path == nil {
+			if len(config.Args) > 0 {
+				if p, err := sys.LookPath(config.Args[0]); err != nil {
+					return hlog.WrapErr(err, err.Error())
+				} else if config.Path, err = container.NewAbs(p); err != nil {
+					return hlog.WrapErr(err, err.Error())
+				}
+			} else {
+				config.Path = config.Shell
+			}
+		}
+
+		conf := &hst.ContainerConfig{
+			Userns:       true,
+			HostNet:      true,
+			HostAbstract: true,
+			Tty:          true,
+
+			Filesystem: []hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{
+				// autoroot, includes the home directory
+				{&hst.FSBind{
+					Target:  container.AbsFHSRoot,
+					Source:  container.AbsFHSRoot,
+					Write:   true,
+					Special: true,
+				}},
+			},
+		}
+
+		// bind GPU stuff
+		if config.Enablements.Unwrap()&(system.EX11|system.EWayland) != 0 {
+			conf.Filesystem = append(conf.Filesystem, hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: container.AbsFHSDev.Append("dri"), Device: true, Optional: true}})
+		}
+		// opportunistically bind kvm
+		conf.Filesystem = append(conf.Filesystem, hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: container.AbsFHSDev.Append("kvm"), Device: true, Optional: true}})
+
+		// hide nscd from container if present
+		nscd := container.AbsFHSVar.Append("run/nscd")
+		if _, err := sys.Stat(nscd.String()); !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+			conf.Filesystem = append(conf.Filesystem, hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSEphemeral{Target: nscd}})
+		}
+
+		// do autoetc last
+		conf.Filesystem = append(conf.Filesystem,
+			hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{
+				Target:  container.AbsFHSEtc,
+				Source:  container.AbsFHSEtc,
+				Special: true,
+			}},
+		)
+
+		config.Container = conf
+	}
+
+	// late nil checks for pd behaviour
+	if config.Shell == nil {
+		return hlog.WrapErr(syscall.EINVAL, "invalid shell path")
+	}
+	if config.Path == nil {
+		return hlog.WrapErr(syscall.EINVAL, "invalid program path")
+	}
+
+	var mapuid, mapgid *stringPair[int]
+	{
+		var uid, gid int
+		var err error
+		seal.container, seal.env, err = newContainer(config.Container, sys, seal.id.String(), &uid, &gid)
+		seal.waitDelay = config.Container.WaitDelay
+		if err != nil {
+			return hlog.WrapErrSuffix(err,
+				"cannot initialise container configuration:")
+		}
+		if len(config.Args) == 0 {
+			config.Args = []string{config.Path.String()}
+		}
+		seal.container.Path = config.Path
+		seal.container.Args = config.Args
+
+		mapuid = newInt(uid)
+		mapgid = newInt(gid)
+		if seal.env == nil {
+			seal.env = make(map[string]string, 1<<6)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// inner XDG_RUNTIME_DIR default formatting of `/run/user/%d` as mapped uid
+	innerRuntimeDir := container.AbsFHSRunUser.Append(mapuid.String())
+	seal.env[xdgRuntimeDir] = innerRuntimeDir.String()
+	seal.env[xdgSessionClass] = "user"
+	seal.env[xdgSessionType] = "tty"
+
+	share := &shareHost{seal: seal, sc: sys.Paths()}
+	seal.runDirPath = share.sc.RunDirPath
+	seal.sys = system.New(seal.user.uid.unwrap())
+	seal.sys.Ensure(share.sc.SharePath.String(), 0711)
+
+	{
+		runtimeDir := share.sc.SharePath.Append("runtime")
+		seal.sys.Ensure(runtimeDir.String(), 0700)
+		seal.sys.UpdatePermType(system.User, runtimeDir.String(), acl.Execute)
+		runtimeDirInst := runtimeDir.Append(seal.user.identity.String())
+		seal.sys.Ensure(runtimeDirInst.String(), 0700)
+		seal.sys.UpdatePermType(system.User, runtimeDirInst.String(), acl.Read, acl.Write, acl.Execute)
+		seal.container.Tmpfs(container.AbsFHSRunUser, 1<<12, 0755)
+		seal.container.Bind(runtimeDirInst, innerRuntimeDir, container.BindWritable)
+	}
+
+	{
+		tmpdir := share.sc.SharePath.Append("tmpdir")
+		seal.sys.Ensure(tmpdir.String(), 0700)
+		seal.sys.UpdatePermType(system.User, tmpdir.String(), acl.Execute)
+		tmpdirInst := tmpdir.Append(seal.user.identity.String())
+		seal.sys.Ensure(tmpdirInst.String(), 01700)
+		seal.sys.UpdatePermType(system.User, tmpdirInst.String(), acl.Read, acl.Write, acl.Execute)
+		// mount inner /tmp from share so it shares persistence and storage behaviour of host /tmp
+		seal.container.Bind(tmpdirInst, container.AbsFHSTmp, container.BindWritable)
+	}
+
+	{
+		username := "chronos"
+		if seal.user.username != "" {
+			username = seal.user.username
+		}
+		seal.container.Dir = seal.user.home
+		seal.env["HOME"] = seal.user.home.String()
+		seal.env["USER"] = username
+		seal.env[shell] = config.Shell.String()
+
+		seal.container.Place(container.AbsFHSEtc.Append("passwd"),
+			[]byte(username+":x:"+mapuid.String()+":"+mapgid.String()+":Hakurei:"+seal.user.home.String()+":"+config.Shell.String()+"\n"))
+		seal.container.Place(container.AbsFHSEtc.Append("group"),
+			[]byte("hakurei:x:"+mapgid.String()+":\n"))
+	}
+
+	// pass TERM for proper terminal I/O in initial process
+	if t, ok := sys.LookupEnv(term); ok {
+		seal.env[term] = t
+	}
+
+	if config.Enablements.Unwrap()&system.EWayland != 0 {
+		// outer wayland socket (usually `/run/user/%d/wayland-%d`)
+		var socketPath *container.Absolute
+		if name, ok := sys.LookupEnv(wayland.WaylandDisplay); !ok {
+			hlog.Verbose(wayland.WaylandDisplay + " is not set, assuming " + wayland.FallbackName)
+			socketPath = share.sc.RuntimePath.Append(wayland.FallbackName)
+		} else if a, err := container.NewAbs(name); err != nil {
+			socketPath = share.sc.RuntimePath.Append(name)
+		} else {
+			socketPath = a
+		}
+
+		innerPath := innerRuntimeDir.Append(wayland.FallbackName)
+		seal.env[wayland.WaylandDisplay] = wayland.FallbackName
+
+		if !config.DirectWayland { // set up security-context-v1
+			appID := config.ID
+			if appID == "" {
+				// use instance ID in case app id is not set
+				appID = "app.hakurei." + seal.id.String()
+			}
+			// downstream socket paths
+			outerPath := share.instance().Append("wayland")
+			seal.sys.Wayland(&seal.sync, outerPath.String(), socketPath.String(), appID, seal.id.String())
+			seal.container.Bind(outerPath, innerPath, 0)
+		} else { // bind mount wayland socket (insecure)
+			hlog.Verbose("direct wayland access, PROCEED WITH CAUTION")
+			share.ensureRuntimeDir()
+			seal.container.Bind(socketPath, innerPath, 0)
+			seal.sys.UpdatePermType(system.EWayland, socketPath.String(), acl.Read, acl.Write, acl.Execute)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if config.Enablements.Unwrap()&system.EX11 != 0 {
+		if d, ok := sys.LookupEnv(display); !ok {
+			return hlog.WrapErr(ErrXDisplay,
+				"DISPLAY is not set")
+		} else {
+			socketDir := container.AbsFHSTmp.Append(".X11-unix")
+
+			// the socket file at `/tmp/.X11-unix/X%d` is typically owned by the priv user
+			// and not accessible by the target user
+			var socketPath *container.Absolute
+			if len(d) > 1 && d[0] == ':' { // `:%d`
+				if n, err := strconv.Atoi(d[1:]); err == nil && n >= 0 {
+					socketPath = socketDir.Append("X" + strconv.Itoa(n))
+				}
+			} else if len(d) > 5 && strings.HasPrefix(d, "unix:") { // `unix:%s`
+				if a, err := container.NewAbs(d[5:]); err == nil {
+					socketPath = a
+				}
+			}
+			if socketPath != nil {
+				if _, err := sys.Stat(socketPath.String()); err != nil {
+					if !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+						return hlog.WrapErrSuffix(err,
+							fmt.Sprintf("cannot access X11 socket %q:", socketPath))
+					}
+				} else {
+					seal.sys.UpdatePermType(system.EX11, socketPath.String(), acl.Read, acl.Write, acl.Execute)
+					if !config.Container.HostAbstract {
+						d = "unix:" + socketPath.String()
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			seal.sys.ChangeHosts("#" + seal.user.uid.String())
+			seal.env[display] = d
+			seal.container.Bind(socketDir, socketDir, 0)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if config.Enablements.Unwrap()&system.EPulse != 0 {
+		// PulseAudio runtime directory (usually `/run/user/%d/pulse`)
+		pulseRuntimeDir := share.sc.RuntimePath.Append("pulse")
+		// PulseAudio socket (usually `/run/user/%d/pulse/native`)
+		pulseSocket := pulseRuntimeDir.Append("native")
+
+		if _, err := sys.Stat(pulseRuntimeDir.String()); err != nil {
+			if !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+				return hlog.WrapErrSuffix(err,
+					fmt.Sprintf("cannot access PulseAudio directory %q:", pulseRuntimeDir))
+			}
+			return hlog.WrapErr(ErrPulseSocket,
+				fmt.Sprintf("PulseAudio directory %q not found", pulseRuntimeDir))
+		}
+
+		if s, err := sys.Stat(pulseSocket.String()); err != nil {
+			if !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+				return hlog.WrapErrSuffix(err,
+					fmt.Sprintf("cannot access PulseAudio socket %q:", pulseSocket))
+			}
+			return hlog.WrapErr(ErrPulseSocket,
+				fmt.Sprintf("PulseAudio directory %q found but socket does not exist", pulseRuntimeDir))
+		} else {
+			if m := s.Mode(); m&0o006 != 0o006 {
+				return hlog.WrapErr(ErrPulseMode,
+					fmt.Sprintf("unexpected permissions on %q:", pulseSocket), m)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// hard link pulse socket into target-executable share
+		innerPulseRuntimeDir := share.runtime().Append("pulse")
+		innerPulseSocket := innerRuntimeDir.Append("pulse", "native")
+		seal.sys.Link(pulseSocket.String(), innerPulseRuntimeDir.String())
+		seal.container.Bind(innerPulseRuntimeDir, innerPulseSocket, 0)
+		seal.env[pulseServer] = "unix:" + innerPulseSocket.String()
+
+		// publish current user's pulse cookie for target user
+		if src, err := discoverPulseCookie(sys); err != nil {
+			// not fatal
+			hlog.Verbose(strings.TrimSpace(err.(*hlog.BaseError).Message()))
+		} else {
+			innerDst := hst.AbsTmp.Append("/pulse-cookie")
+			seal.env[pulseCookie] = innerDst.String()
+			var payload *[]byte
+			seal.container.PlaceP(innerDst, &payload)
+			seal.sys.CopyFile(payload, src, 256, 256)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if config.Enablements.Unwrap()&system.EDBus != 0 {
+		// ensure dbus session bus defaults
+		if config.SessionBus == nil {
+			config.SessionBus = dbus.NewConfig(config.ID, true, true)
+		}
+
+		// downstream socket paths
+		sessionPath, systemPath := share.instance().Append("bus"), share.instance().Append("system_bus_socket")
+
+		// configure dbus proxy
+		if f, err := seal.sys.ProxyDBus(
+			config.SessionBus, config.SystemBus,
+			sessionPath.String(), systemPath.String(),
+		); err != nil {
+			return err
+		} else {
+			seal.dbusMsg = f
+		}
+
+		// share proxy sockets
+		sessionInner := innerRuntimeDir.Append("bus")
+		seal.env[dbusSessionBusAddress] = "unix:path=" + sessionInner.String()
+		seal.container.Bind(sessionPath, sessionInner, 0)
+		seal.sys.UpdatePerm(sessionPath.String(), acl.Read, acl.Write)
+		if config.SystemBus != nil {
+			systemInner := container.AbsFHSRun.Append("dbus/system_bus_socket")
+			seal.env[dbusSystemBusAddress] = "unix:path=" + systemInner.String()
+			seal.container.Bind(systemPath, systemInner, 0)
+			seal.sys.UpdatePerm(systemPath.String(), acl.Read, acl.Write)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// mount root read-only as the final setup Op
+	seal.container.Remount(container.AbsFHSRoot, syscall.MS_RDONLY)
+
+	// append ExtraPerms last
+	for _, p := range config.ExtraPerms {
+		if p == nil || p.Path == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if p.Ensure {
+			seal.sys.Ensure(p.Path.String(), 0700)
+		}
+
+		perms := make(acl.Perms, 0, 3)
+		if p.Read {
+			perms = append(perms, acl.Read)
+		}
+		if p.Write {
+			perms = append(perms, acl.Write)
+		}
+		if p.Execute {
+			perms = append(perms, acl.Execute)
+		}
+		seal.sys.UpdatePermType(system.User, p.Path.String(), perms...)
+	}
+
+	// flatten and sort env for deterministic behaviour
+	seal.container.Env = make([]string, 0, len(seal.env))
+	for k, v := range seal.env {
+		if strings.IndexByte(k, '=') != -1 {
+			return hlog.WrapErr(syscall.EINVAL,
+				fmt.Sprintf("invalid environment variable %s", k))
+		}
+		seal.container.Env = append(seal.container.Env, k+"="+v)
+	}
+	slices.Sort(seal.container.Env)
+
+	if hlog.Load() {
+		hlog.Verbosef("created application seal for uid %s (%s) groups: %v, argv: %s, ops: %d",
+			seal.user.uid, seal.user.username, config.Groups, seal.container.Args, len(*seal.container.Ops))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// discoverPulseCookie attempts various standard methods to discover the current user's PulseAudio authentication cookie
+func discoverPulseCookie(sys sys.State) (string, error) {
+	if p, ok := sys.LookupEnv(pulseCookie); ok {
+		return p, nil
+	}
+
+	// dotfile $HOME/.pulse-cookie
+	if p, ok := sys.LookupEnv(home); ok {
+		p = path.Join(p, ".pulse-cookie")
+		if s, err := sys.Stat(p); err != nil {
+			if !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+				return p, hlog.WrapErrSuffix(err,
+					fmt.Sprintf("cannot access PulseAudio cookie %q:", p))
+			}
+			// not found, try next method
+		} else if !s.IsDir() {
+			return p, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/pulse/cookie
+	if p, ok := sys.LookupEnv(xdgConfigHome); ok {
+		p = path.Join(p, "pulse", "cookie")
+		if s, err := sys.Stat(p); err != nil {
+			if !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+				return p, hlog.WrapErrSuffix(err,
+					fmt.Sprintf("cannot access PulseAudio cookie %q:", p))
+			}
+			// not found, try next method
+		} else if !s.IsDir() {
+			return p, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return "", hlog.WrapErr(ErrPulseCookie,
+		fmt.Sprintf("cannot locate PulseAudio cookie (tried $%s, $%s/pulse/cookie, $%s/.pulse-cookie)",
+			pulseCookie, xdgConfigHome, home))
+}